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Free Mental Health Assessment
Reviewed by Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD
Written by Lauren Panoff, MPH, RDq
Published 09/25/2022
Updated 08/24/2024
Although antidepressants are a common treatment for many mental health disorders, they can affect people in different ways, and the optimal antidepressant type and dosage varies from person to person. Because of this, it's not at all uncommon that an adjustment in dosage is needed, based on signs your antidepressant dose is too low, or too high.
While we can’t tell you what antidepressant dose is best for you, we can tell you what not to do — and that’s changing your dosage without medical advice. Keep reading to learn how your provider will determine your starting dose, the signs your antidepressant dose is too strong (or not strong enough), and the next steps to take.
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When prescribing an antidepressant, your provider considers several factors to determine the right antidepressant and the right dose of it.
Initially, they evaluate the severity and duration of your symptoms of depression and any previous treatments you've undergone. Your medical history, including any existing health conditions and other medications you’re taking, is also critical to avoid potential drug interactions.
Additionally, factors such as age, weight, and overall health can influence the dosage recommended. Doctors often start with a low dose to minimize side effects and then gradually adjust it based on your response to the medication.
Close monitoring during the initial weeks allows the doctor to make necessary dosage adjustments, ensuring the dosage is effective and well-tolerated. They’ll also schedule follow-up appointments to make sure things stay on track. This personalized approach aims to find the optimal balance between therapeutic benefits and side effects.
This also means that changing the dosage of antidepressants you’re prescribed shouldn’t be done without consulting your provider or mental health professional first. But how are you supposed to know if your antidepressant dose is too high or too low?
Side effects are common when an antidepressant is first started, but most side effects tend to get better after about a week. It’s possible that your antidepressant dosage may need to be reduced if after a couple of weeks you’re still experiencing side effects such as:
Increased anxiety, or feeling unusually agitated and restless
Difficulty falling or staying asleep
Excessive daytime sleepiness that interferes with daily activities
Nausea or vomiting
Headaches that are new or worsening
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Blurry vision or trouble focusing
Excessive sweating
Involuntary shaking or trembling
Irregular or fast heartbeat
Sudden, extreme mood changes
Feeling confused or disoriented
Taking a higher antidepressant dosage than your body is used to can increase the risk of developing serotonin syndrome, overdosing, and experiencing other complications.
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that happens when serotonin levels are too high, sometimes as a result of certain medications. Anyone who takes medications that affect serotonin levels — such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) — is at risk of developing serotonin syndrome, especially if the dosage is very high or if more than one medication that affects serotonin levels is used.
Other medications that affect serotonin levels include headache drugs in the triptan family, over-the-counter cold medications, opioid pain medications, and certain anti-nausea medications. Even taking herbal supplements, like St. John’s wort, ginseng, or nutmeg, alongside your antidepressant can increase your risk.
Overdosing on antidepressants is another possible risk of increasing antidepressant dosage without consulting a healthcare provider. A report from 2017 found that antidepressants were among the top five causes of poisoning. And from 1999 to 2020, the number of overdose deaths caused by antidepressants more than tripled, according to data from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Certain antidepressants are more likely to cause overdoses than others, such as tricyclic antidepressants. These were found to have more fatal outcomes than monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), SSRIs, and SNRIs in 20 years of data from antidepressant overdose reports.
It’s also possible that your antidepressant dose may need to be taken up to a higher dose if your body isn’t responding to it after four weeks or so, and your symptoms aren’t getting better — or are getting worse than before you started.
Some common signs your antidepressant dose is too low include:
Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or emptiness
Little to no improvement in mood or overall mental health
Ongoing fatigue and low energy levels
Persistent or worsening anxiety
Trouble sleeping or frequent waking
Continued lack of interest or motivation in daily activities
Ongoing issues with concentration or memory
Changes in appetite or weight that haven’t normalized
Continued social isolation
Persistent feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
Ongoing irritability or frustration over small issues
Antidepressants typically take several weeks to start working.
But with consistent use (as directed), most people will begin to notice improvements in symptoms within two to four weeks of taking their new medication. The full effects of antidepressants may not be evident until six to eight weeks, or even longer in some cases.
This delayed onset is because, although antidepressants increase the amount of available serotonin right away, the antidepressant effect comes from your brain's adaptation to these effects, and that takes time.
It’s important to have realistic expectations for how quickly you’ll begin feeling better when you start taking antidepressants, and practice patience while continuing your medication as prescribed. If you experience any changes in progress or have any concerns about medication effectiveness, make sure to talk to your provider.
You may be tempted to increase your antidepressant dosage on your own if your anxiety or depression symptoms are still present. However, changing the dose on your own can cause a range of negative effects.
These effects can include new or worsening symptoms, and potentially dangerous withdrawal symptoms. Further, unsupervised changes can disrupt the balance of neurotransmitters in your brain, leading to increased anxiety, mood swings, or even a relapse of depression.
All of this to say, it is really important to speak with your healthcare provider before changing your antidepressant dose. Improper adjustments can lead to serious health risks.
If you’re experiencing any potential signs your antidepressant dose is too low or too high, get in touch with your provider immediately. They may adjust your dose or suggest trying one of the different types of antidepressants instead. (Here’s a look at what to expect when switching antidepressants.)
As finding your ideal type and dose of antidepressants can be a trial-and-error process, know that treatment-resistant depression is also possible. This is when someone who struggles with depression doesn’t show improvement in mood, thoughts, or behavior after trying at least two antidepressants.
Again, this is why staying in communication with your prescribing healthcare professional is so important when it comes to depression medications.
Everyone has unique needs when it comes to mental wellness, and that goes for the right type and dosage of antidepressant medications. If you think you’re seeing signs your antidepressant dose is too low or too high, here’s what to keep in mind:
Be patient and realistic. Antidepressants can take several weeks to work and even longer for their full effect to kick in. We know the transitional period can be tough, but hang in there while your body and mind adjust.
Monitor your symptoms. Your body will tell you if something is — or isn’t — working for you. Pay attention to whether existing symptoms stay the same, get worse, or improve after starting your treatment plan.
Communicate with your healthcare provider. Don’t be afraid to ask questions or speak up about how you’re feeling, especially if you’re concerned about how things have (or haven’t) changed after starting to take antidepressants. Your provider is there to help you navigate treatment and find the right dosage for your needs.
And of course, medication is just one piece of the puzzle when it comes to addressing mental health. Psychotherapy, especially when used in conjunction with prescription medication, can also make a big difference, and there are other treatment options you can explore as well.
Whether you’re interested in pursuing online mental health treatment or exploring the different medications available to treat depression and other mental health conditions, we can help. Start today by taking our free online assessment to connect with a licensed provider.
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Dr. Daniel Z. Lieberman is the senior vice president of mental health at Hims & Hers and of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at George Washington University. Prior to joining Hims & Hers, Dr. Lieberman spent over 25 years as a full time academic, receiving multiple awards for teaching and research. While at George Washington, he served as the chairman of the university’s Institutional Review Board and the vice chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.
Dr. Lieberman’s has focused on , , , and to increase access to scientifically-proven treatments. He served as the principal investigator at George Washington University for dozens of FDA trials of new medications and developed online programs to help people with , , and . In recognition of his contributions to the field of psychiatry, in 2015, Dr. Lieberman was designated a distinguished fellow of the American Psychiatric Association. He is board certified in psychiatry and addiction psychiatry by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology.
As an expert in mental health, Dr. Lieberman has provided insight on psychiatric topics for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Commerce, and Office of Drug & Alcohol Policy.
Dr. Lieberman studied the Great Books at St. John’s College and attended medical school at New York University, where he also completed his psychiatry residency. He is the coauthor of the international bestseller , which has been translated into more than 20 languages and was selected as one of the “Must-Read Brain Books of 2018” by Forbes. He is also the author of . He has been on and to discuss the role of the in human behavior, , and .
1992: M.D., New York University School of Medicine
1985: B.A., St. John’s College, Annapolis, Maryland
2022–Present: Clinical Professor, George Washington University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
2013–2022: Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs, George Washington University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
2010–2022: Professor, George Washington University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
2008–2017: Chairman, George Washington University Institutional Review Board
2022: Distinguished Life Fellow, American Psychiatric Association
2008–2020: Washingtonian Top Doctor award
2005: Caron Foundation Research Award
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