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Heart health

LDL Cholesterol

Also known as: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol test, LDL-C, “Bad cholesterol” test

An LDL cholesterol test measures the amount of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in your blood. LDL is often called “bad cholesterol” because high levels can contribute to atherosclerosis, the buildup of fatty deposits (plaque) inside artery walls. This process narrows arteries and increases the risk of heart disease and stroke over time.

Providers may order an LDL cholesterol test as part of a lipid panel, which also measures total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.

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Key takeaways

  • Sample required: Blood (usually drawn from a vein; some at-home kits use a finger prick)

  • Tests for: The blood level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a type of fat that contributes to plaque buildup in arteries.

  • Healthy range: For most adults, less than 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) is considered optimal; less than 70 mg/dL may be recommended for people at high cardiovascular risk.

What can an LDL cholesterol test tell you?

An LDL cholesterol test can help your provider understand your:

  • Cardiovascular risk. High LDL cholesterol is a major, modifiable risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

  • Response to treatment. If you are already on statins or other cholesterol-lowering therapies, LDL levels help assess how well treatment is working.

  • Risk profile tailoring. LDL target values differ depending on whether you have risk factors like diabetes or existing cardiovascular disease.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends screening most healthy adults for lipid disorders, including high LDL cholesterol, every four to six years. Many providers also check LDL levels more often if you have diabetes, obesity, or a family history of high cholesterol or heart problems.

What is being tested?

LDL is one of several types of lipoproteins. It carries cholesterol from the liver to tissues throughout the body, including artery walls. When LDL levels are too high, cholesterol can build up into plaques that harden and narrow your arteries. LDL is often tested alongside HDL (“good cholesterol”), which helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream.

Where is the LDL cholesterol test typically included?

LDL cholesterol is usually measured as part of a lipid panel, which also includes:

  • Total cholesterol

  • HDL cholesterol

  • LDL cholesterol (calculated or directly measured)

  • Triglycerides

In many labs, LDL is calculated by subtracting HDL cholesterol and triglycerides from total cholesterol, although direct LDL testing may be ordered if triglycerides are very high (over 400mg/dL) or if more accuracy is needed.

LDL cholesterol testing is included as part of lab testing through Hims. Discover where you might need to improve and where you can optimize your health, and get recommendations to help you do both.

Who should get an LDL cholesterol test?

You may benefit from an LDL test if:

  • You’re an adult undergoing routine screening every four to six years.

  • You have risk factors for heart disease, including diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, or a family history.

  • You already have heart disease and need treatment monitoring.

  • You have unusual lipid results or a condition like familial hypercholesterolemia (a genetic defect in how the body handles LDL cholesterol) 

Children and teens with risk factors such as obesity or diabetes may also need regular screening.

How Labs by Hers works

  • 1

    Book your test

    Schedule a lab draw in the Hers app at one of more than 2,000 convenient locations.

  • 2

    Get your results

    Review your lab results to understand which areas of your health may need attention.

  • 3

    Spot early signals

    Identify potential health risks or system imbalances before they become more serious.

  • 4

    Get your action plan

    Receive expert guidance tailored to your health profile and test results.

  • 5

    Improve over time

    Track your progress through a mid-year panel and ongoing provider check-ins.

Not available in all 50 states. Eligibility and provider order required. Lab results alone are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition. A provider will reach out about critical results and plans include access to 24/7 provider messaging.

Images for illustrative purposes only.

Frequently asked questions

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What causes changes in LDL levels?

Increased cholesterol levels can result from several factors, including a diet high in saturated fat, age-related hormonal and metabolic changes, a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and genetic conditions such as familial hypercholesterolemia.

What is a healthy range for LDL cholesterol?

For most adults, less than 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) is considered optimal; less than 70 mg/dL may be recommended for people at high cardiovascular risk.

Can this test be done at home?

Yes. Some at-home lipid panels measure LDL cholesterol, but lab-based testing is generally more accurate.

What are the screening recommendations for LDL cholesterol?

Most adults should have their cholesterol checked regularly; people with diabetes, heart disease, or a family history of high cholesterol may need testing more often.

Is fasting required?

Often yes. Some guidelines now allow non-fasting samples, depending on what your healthcare provider recommends.

How long do results take?

Results are typically available within one to two business days after your blood draw.

How often should I get tested?

Most adults should have their cholesterol checked every four to six years starting at age 20. Testing may be recommended more often if you have risk factors such as diabetes or heart disease, or if you’re taking cholesterol-lowering medications, to monitor treatment effectiveness.

Does insurance typically cover this test?

Yes. Cholesterol testing is usually covered when used for preventive screening or ongoing management. Insurance is not required for lab testing available through the Hers platform.

What is considered a dangerous LDL level?

An LDL level of 190 mg/dL or higher is considered very high and usually indicates either severe hypercholesterolemia or familial hypercholesterolemia. Providers often recommend more intensive treatment or medication when levels are this high.

What tests are related to this biomarker?

• Lipid panel (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides)

• Apolipoprotein B (apoB)

• Non-HDL cholesterol

• Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]

The information provided here is for informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always talk to a qualified healthcare provider about your specific health concerns.

Related biomarkers

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Apolipoprotein B

Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a protein that carries LDL and other bad cholesterol particles in the blood. Lower ApoB levels mean fewer harmful cholesterol particles are in your blood, and an overall reduced risk for heart disease.

Learn more about Apolipoprotein B

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is a liver-made protein that rises with inflammation. A low level is associated with a lower heart disease risk.

Learn more about High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Lipoprotein (a)

Lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), is a genetically inherited cholesterol particle similar to LDL. A low level is a good sign for heart health.

Learn more about Lipoprotein (a)

Non-HDL Cholesterol

Non-HDL cholesterol includes all the "bad" types of cholesterol that can build up in your arteries. A healthy level is a good sign for your overall heart health.

Learn more about Non-HDL Cholesterol

HDL Cholesterol

HDL, or “good” cholesterol, acts like a cleanup crew to clear harmful fats from your blood. A healthy HDL level helps prevent buildup in your arteries.

Learn more about HDL Cholesterol

Total Cholesterol

Total cholesterol is the total amount of all cholesterol types, including HDL, LDL, and other blood fats, and gives a general snapshot of your cholesterol status. When the number is in a good range, it shows a lower risk of developing heart disease.

Learn more about Total Cholesterol

Cholesterol/HDL Ratio

This ratio compares your total cholesterol to HDL, the "good" cholesterol.

Learn more about Cholesterol/HDL Ratio

Triglycerides

Triglycerides are a type of fat in your blood made from unused calories that are stored for energy. Low triglyceride levels indicate that your body is not having problems with insulin resistance or processing fat, which is good.

Learn more about Triglycerides

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Supporting references

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Reviewed by Felix Gussone, MD

Published 12/04/2025